Kev siv tseem ceeb ntawm aluminium

Kev siv cov tshuaj feem ntau nyob ntawm nws cov khoom. Aluminium muaj ntau yam kev siv vim nws cov khoom zoo heev.
Aluminium thiab aluminium alloys tam sim no yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv dav siv thiab siv nyiaj txiag. Txij li thaum xyoo 1956, lub ntiaj teb cov khoom siv txhuas tau dhau los ntawm tooj liab thiab tau ua tus thawj ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj hlau. Kev tsim khoom tam sim no thiab kev siv ntawm txhuas (hauv tons) yog qhov thib ob rau hlau, ua rau nws yog qhov thib ob loj tshaj plaws hlau siv los ntawm tib neeg; Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv txhuas muaj ntau heev, thiab raws li kev suav ua ntej, lub peev xwm cia ntawm txhuas cov nyiaj tso nyiaj rau ntau tshaj 8 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov crustal muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Lub teeb yuag thiab corrosion kuj ntawm aluminium yog ob qho tseem ceeb ntawm nws cov kev ua tau zoo.
1. Qhov ntom ntawm aluminium yog me me, tsuas yog 2.7g / cm ³, Txawm hais tias nws yog mos, nws tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam aluminium alloys, xws li tawv aluminium, superhard aluminium, xeb resistant aluminium, cam khwb cia txhuas, thiab lwm yam. aluminium alloys yog siv dav hauv kev lag luam tsim khoom xws li dav hlau, tsheb, tsheb ciav hlau, thiab nkoj. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov chaw foob pob hluav taws, qhov chaw shuttles, thiab cov khoom siv satellites kuj tseem siv ntau ntawm txhuas thiab nws cov alloys. Piv txwv li, lub dav hlau supersonic yog tsim los ntawm kwv yees li 70 feem pua ​​​​ntawm txhuas thiab nws cov alloys. Aluminium kuj tau siv dav hauv kev tsim nkoj, thiab cov neeg caij nkoj loj feem ntau siv ntau txhiab tons ntawm txhuas.
2. Aluminium muaj qhov conductivity thib ob tsuas yog nyiaj, tooj liab, thiab kub. Txawm hais tias nws cov conductivity tsuas yog 2/3 ntawm tooj liab, nws qhov ceev tsuas yog 1/3 ntawm tooj liab. Yog li ntawd, thaum thauj tib tus nqi hluav taws xob, qhov loj ntawm txhuas hlau tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm tooj liab hlau. Cov oxide zaj duab xis nyob rau saum npoo ntawm txhuas tsis tsuas yog muaj peev xwm tiv taus corrosion, tab sis kuj muaj qee qhov kev rwb thaiv tsev, ua rau nws siv dav hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob, kev lag luam hlau thiab cable, thiab xov tooj cua kev lag luam.
3. Aluminium yog ib tug zoo conductor ntawm tshav kub, nrog ib tug thermal conductivity peb zaug ntau dua hlau. Hauv kev lag luam, txhuas tuaj yeem siv los tsim ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov khoom siv ua noj.
4. Aluminium muaj qhov zoo ductility (thib ob tsuas yog kub thiab nyiaj), thiab tuaj yeem ua rau aluminium foil thinner dua 0.01mm ntawm 100 degree txog 150 degree . Cov aluminium foils no tau dav siv los ntim cov luam yeeb, khoom qab zib, thiab lwm yam. Lawv tuaj yeem ua rau hauv txhuas hlau, txhuas tuav, thiab tuaj yeem yob ntau yam khoom txhuas.
5. Qhov saum npoo ntawm txhuas tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam rau corrosion vim nws ntom oxide tiv thaiv zaj duab xis, thiab feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov tshuaj reactors, cov khoom siv kho mob, cov khoom siv tub yees, cov khoom siv roj av refining, roj thiab cov kav dej, thiab lwm yam.
6. Cov hmoov txhuas muaj cov xim dawb dawb (feem ntau cov xim ntawm cov hlau hauv cov hmoov hlau feem ntau yog xim dub), thiab feem ntau yog siv los ua cov txheej, feem ntau hu ua cov hmoov nyiaj lossis xim nyiaj xim, los tiv thaiv cov khoom hlau los ntawm corrosion thiab zoo nkauj.
7. Aluminium burning nyob rau hauv oxygen tuaj yeem muab ntau lub tshav kub thiab dazzling lub teeb, thiab feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov khoom tawg, xws li ammonium aluminium explosives (sib xyaw nrog Ammonium nitrate, charcoal hmoov, txhuas hmoov, soot thiab lwm yam combustible organic tshuaj). , combustion mixs (xws li thermite bombs and shells can be used to attack hard to fire targets or tanks, artillery, etc.) thiab teeb pom kev zoo mixs (xws li Barium nitrate 68 feem pua, txhuas hmoov 28 feem pua, shellac 4 feem pua ​​).
8. Thermit feem ntau yog siv los yaj cov hlau Refractory thiab cov hlua vuam. Aluminium kuj tseem siv los ua Oxygen scavenger hauv steelmaking. Aluminium hmoov, graphite, titanium dioxide (los yog lwm yam siab melting point hlau oxides) yog sib xyaw ua ke nyob rau hauv ib qho piv txwv thiab coated ntawm cov hlau. Tom qab kub-kub calcination, lawv tau ua rau hauv high-temperature resistant cermets, uas muaj cov kev siv tseem ceeb hauv foob pob hluav taws thiab missile technology.